The Wigner rotation states that the successive action of two Lorentz boosts in arbitrary directions is equivalent to a single Lorentz boost followed by a spatial rotation. This article discusses the general case.
For the first-order small vibrations of a mechanical system near its stable equilibrium position, there exist normal modes equal in number to its degrees of freedom.
If the pressures on both sides of a smooth adiabatic piston are equal but the temperatures are unequal, energy will transfer from the higher-temperature gas to the lower-temperature gas through microscopic vibrations of the piston, even when all heat conduction is neglected.